Scotland

Reading

• Enjoyment and choice - within a motivating and challenging environment developing an awareness of the relevance of texts in my life

  • Selects texts regularly for enjoyment or to find information for a specific purpose.

  • Explains preferences for particular texts, authors or sources with supporting detail.

• Tools for reading - to help me use texts with increasingly complex or unfamiliar ideas, structures and vocabulary within and beyond my place of learning

  • Reads with fluency, understanding and expression using appropriate pace and tone.

  • Uses knowledge of context clues, punctuation, grammar and layout to read unfamiliar texts with understanding.

    • Determine the meanings of similes (4-K.1)
    • Identify base words, prefixes and suffixes (4-Z.1)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with pre-, re- or mis- (4-Z.2)
    • Use the prefixes pre-, re- and mis- (4-Z.3)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with -ful or -less (4-Z.4)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with -ly or -ness (4-Z.5)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with -able or -ment (4-Z.6)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with a suffix: review (4-Z.7)
    • Determine the meanings of words with prefixes and suffixes: review (4-Z.8)
    • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (4-AA.1)
    • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (4-AA.2)
    • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (4-AA.3)
    • Select the members of a group (4-CC.1)
    • Select the words that don't belong (4-CC.2)
    • Choose the synonym (4-DD.1)
    • Which sentence has the same meaning? (4-DD.2)
    • Find synonyms in context (4-DD.3)
    • Choose the antonym (4-DD.4)
    • Which sentence uses an antonym? (4-DD.5)
    • Find antonyms in context (4-DD.6)
    • Homophones with pictures (4-EE.1)
    • Identify homophones (4-EE.2)
    • Use the correct homophone (4-EE.3)
    • Which definition matches the sentence? (4-FF.1)
    • Which sentence matches the definition? (4-FF.2)
    • Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression (4-HH.1)
    • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (4-II.1)
    • Use context to identify the meaning of a word (4-II.2)
    • Is the sentence a statement, question, command or exclamation? (4-KK.1)
    • Which word is a noun? (4-LL.1)
    • Identify nouns (4-LL.2)
    • Identify nouns – with abstract nouns (4-LL.3)
    • Identify common and proper nouns (4-LL.4)
    • Is the noun singular or plural? (4-LL.7)
    • Identify plurals, singular possessives and plural possessives (4-LL.9)
    • Identify personal pronouns (4-MM.1)
    • Choose between subject and object personal pronouns (4-MM.2)
    • Compound subjects and objects with 'I' and 'me' (4-MM.4)
    • Identify possessive pronouns (4-MM.5)
    • Choose between personal and reflexive pronouns (4-MM.7)
    • Identify action verbs (4-NN.2)
    • Identify main verbs and helping verbs (4-NN.3)
    • Is the subject singular or plural? (4-OO.1)
    • Which sentence is in the regular past tense? (4-PP.1)
    • Identify verbs in the regular past tense (4-PP.2)
    • Identify the irregular past tense I (4-PP.4)
    • Identify the irregular past tense II (4-PP.5)
    • Is the sentence in the past, present or future tense? (4-PP.13)
    • Does the adjective tell you what kind or how many? (4-RR.1)
    • Identify the adjective that describes the noun (4-RR.2)
    • Identify adjectives (4-RR.3)
    • Does the adverb tell you how, when or where? (4-RR.4)
    • Identify adverbs (4-RR.5)
    • Identify prepositions (4-SS.1)
    • Identify prepositions and their objects (4-SS.2)
    • Identify prepositional phrases (4-SS.3)
    • Prepositions: review (4-SS.4)
    • Identify coordinating conjunctions (4-TT.1)
    • Identify subordinating conjunctions (4-TT.2)
    • Pronoun-verb contractions (4-UU.1)
    • Contractions with 'not' (4-UU.2)
    • Commas with direct addresses and after introductory words (4-VV.1)
    • Greetings and closings of letters (4-XX.1)
    • Capitalising titles (4-XX.2)
    • Formatting titles (4-XX.3)
    • Formatting and capitalising titles (4-XX.4)

  • Applies a range of reading skills and strategies to read and understand texts, for example, skimming, scanning, predicting, clarifying and/or summarising.

    • Use key details to determine the main idea (4-F.1)
    • Determine the main idea of a passage (4-F.2)
    • Determine the themes of myths, fables and folktales (4-G.1)
    • Identify the purpose of a text (4-H.1)
    • Determine the order of events in informational texts (4-I.1)
    • Compare and contrast in informational texts (4-I.2)
    • Match causes with effects (4-I.3)
    • Match causes and effects in informational texts (4-I.4)
    • Match problems with their solutions (4-I.5)
    • Identify text structures (4-I.6)
    • Sort sensory details (4-J.1)
    • Determine the meanings of similes (4-K.1)
    • Distinguish characters' points of view (4-L.1)
    • Use actions and dialogue to understand characters (4-M.1)
    • Draw inferences from a text (4-M.2)
    • Make predictions about a story (4-M.3)
    • Identify story elements (4-N.1)
    • Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression (4-HH.1)

• Finding and using information - when reading and using fiction and non-fiction texts with increasingly complex ideas, structures and specialist vocabulary

  • Skims texts to identify purpose and main ideas.

    • Use key details to determine the main idea (4-F.1)
    • Determine the main idea of a passage (4-F.2)
    • Identify the purpose of a text (4-H.1)

  • Scans texts to find key information.

  • Finds, selects and sorts relevant information from a range of sources.

  • Makes and organises notes using own words, for the most part.

  • Uses notes to create new texts that show understanding of the topic or issue.

• Understanding, analysing and evaluating - investigating and/or appreciating fiction and non-fiction texts with increasingly complex ideas, structures and specialist vocabulary for different purposes

  • Identifies the purpose of a text with suitable explanation.

    • Identify the purpose of a text (4-H.1)

  • Identifies the main ideas of a text with appropriate detail.

    • Use key details to determine the main idea (4-F.1)
    • Determine the main idea of a passage (4-F.2)

  • Makes relevant comments about features of language, for example, vocabulary, sentence structure and punctuation.

    • Sort sensory details (4-J.1)
    • Determine the meanings of similes (4-K.1)
    • Describe the difference between related words (4-GG.1)
    • Positive and negative connotation (4-GG.2)
    • Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression (4-HH.1)
    • Is the sentence a statement, question, command or exclamation? (4-KK.1)
    • Is the sentence simple or compound? (4-KK.8)

  • Responds to a range of questions, including literal, inferential and evaluative questions, to demonstrate understanding of texts.

    • Use key details to determine the main idea (4-F.1)
    • Determine the main idea of a passage (4-F.2)
    • Determine the themes of myths, fables and folktales (4-G.1)
    • Identify the purpose of a text (4-H.1)
    • Determine the order of events in informational texts (4-I.1)
    • Compare and contrast in informational texts (4-I.2)
    • Match causes with effects (4-I.3)
    • Match causes and effects in informational texts (4-I.4)
    • Match problems with their solutions (4-I.5)
    • Identify text structures (4-I.6)
    • Sort sensory details (4-J.1)
    • Determine the meanings of similes (4-K.1)
    • Distinguish characters' points of view (4-L.1)
    • Use actions and dialogue to understand characters (4-M.1)
    • Draw inferences from a text (4-M.2)
    • Make predictions about a story (4-M.3)
    • Identify story elements (4-N.1)
    • Read fantasy with illustrations (4-P.1)
    • Read historical fiction with illustrations (4-P.2)
    • Read science fiction with illustrations (4-P.3)
    • Read realistic fiction with illustrations (4-P.4)
    • Read realistic fiction: set 1 (4-Q.1)
    • Read realistic fiction: set 2 (4-Q.2)
    • Read poetry (4-Q.3)
    • Read about animals (4-R.1)
    • Read about food (4-R.2)
    • Read about art, music and traditions (4-R.3)
    • Read about sports and hobbies (4-R.4)
    • Read about famous people (4-S.1)
    • Read about famous places (4-S.2)
    • Read about business and technology (4-S.3)
    • Read about science and nature (4-S.4)
    • Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression (4-HH.1)

  • Creates different types of questions to show understanding of texts.

  • Distinguishes between fact and opinion with appropriate explanation.

    • Distinguish facts from opinions (4-X.1)

  • Recognises techniques used to influence the reader, for example, word choice, emotive language, rhetorical questions and/or repetition.

    • Describe the difference between related words (4-GG.1)
    • Positive and negative connotation (4-GG.2)

  • Identifies which sources are most useful/reliable.

  • Makes relevant comments about structure, characterisation and/or setting with reference to the text.

    • Identify text structures (4-I.6)
    • Use actions and dialogue to understand characters (4-M.1)
    • Identify story elements (4-N.1)

  • Relates the writer's theme to own and/or others' experiences.

  • Makes relevant comments about aspects of the writer's style, use of language and other features appropriate to genre, with reference to the text.

Writing

• Enjoyment and choice - within a motivating and challenging environment developing an awareness of the relevance of texts in my life

  • Creates texts regularly for a range of purposes and audiences selecting appropriate genre, form, structure and style.

    • Choose the text that matches the writer's purpose (4-V.1)

• Tools for writing - using knowledge of technical aspects to help my writing communicate effectively within and beyond my place of learning

  • Applies knowledge of spelling patterns, rules and strategies to spell most words correctly.

    • Use spelling patterns to sort long and short vowel words (4-A.1)
    • Spell rhyming words to answer riddles (4-A.2)
    • Complete the word with a three-letter consonant blend (4-B.1)
    • Spell words with open and closed syllables (4-C.1)
    • Spell consonant-l-e words (4-D.1)
    • Spell the sight word (4-E.1)
    • Form compound words (4-BB.1)
    • Form and use compound words (4-BB.2)
    • Form regular plurals with -s, -es and -ies (4-LL.5)
    • Use regular plurals with -s, -es and -ies (4-LL.6)
    • Form and use irregular plurals (4-LL.8)
    • Form the singular or plural possessive (4-LL.10)
    • Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns (4-LL.11)
    • Form and use the regular past tense (4-PP.3)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 1 (4-PP.6)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 2 (4-PP.7)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 3 (4-PP.8)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 4 (4-PP.9)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 5 (4-PP.10)
    • Spell adjectives that compare (4-RR.9)
    • Pronoun-verb contractions (4-UU.1)
    • Contractions with 'not' (4-UU.2)

  • Uses a range of punctuation, for example, capital letters, full stops, commas, inverted commas (speech marks), exclamation marks, question marks and/or apostrophes. Punctuation is mainly accurate.

    • Is the sentence a statement, question, command or exclamation? (4-KK.1)
    • Commas with direct addresses and after introductory words (4-VV.1)
    • Capitalising the names of people and pets and titles of respect (4-WW.1)
    • Capitalising days, months and holidays (4-WW.2)
    • Capitalising the names of places and geographic features (4-WW.3)
    • Greetings and closings of letters (4-XX.1)
    • Capitalising titles (4-XX.2)
    • Formatting titles (4-XX.3)
    • Formatting and capitalising titles (4-XX.4)

  • Writes most sentences in a grammatically accurate way.

    • Use coordinating conjunctions (4-W.3)
    • Use subordinating conjunctions (4-W.4)
    • Homophones with pictures (4-EE.1)
    • Use the correct homophone (4-EE.3)
    • Is it a complete sentence or a fragment? (4-KK.5)
    • Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? (4-KK.6)
    • Is it a complete sentence, a fragment or a run-on? (4-KK.7)
    • Order the words to create a sentence (4-KK.9)
    • Form regular plurals with -s, -es and -ies (4-LL.5)
    • Use regular plurals with -s, -es and -ies (4-LL.6)
    • Form and use irregular plurals (4-LL.8)
    • Form the singular or plural possessive (4-LL.10)
    • Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns (4-LL.11)
    • Choose between subject and object personal pronouns (4-MM.2)
    • Replace the noun with a personal pronoun (4-MM.3)
    • Compound subjects and objects with 'I' and 'me' (4-MM.4)
    • Use possessive pronouns (4-MM.6)
    • Choose between personal and reflexive pronouns (4-MM.7)
    • Use reflexive pronouns (4-MM.8)
    • Use action verbs (4-NN.1)
    • Use the correct subject or verb (4-OO.2)
    • Pronoun-verb agreement (4-OO.3)
    • Form and use the regular past tense (4-PP.3)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 1 (4-PP.6)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 2 (4-PP.7)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 3 (4-PP.8)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 4 (4-PP.9)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 5 (4-PP.10)
    • To be: use the correct form (4-PP.11)
    • To have: use the correct form (4-PP.12)
    • Change the sentence to future tense (4-PP.14)
    • Use the correct article: a or an (4-QQ.1)
    • Use the correct article: a, an or the (4-QQ.2)
    • Choose between adjectives and adverbs (4-RR.6)
    • Use adjectives to compare (4-RR.8)
    • Spell adjectives that compare (4-RR.9)
    • Use adverbs to compare (4-RR.10)
    • Pronoun-verb contractions (4-UU.1)
    • Contractions with 'not' (4-UU.2)

  • Uses sentences of different lengths and types and varies sentence openings.

    • Is the sentence a statement, question, command or exclamation? (4-KK.1)
    • Is the sentence simple or compound? (4-KK.8)
    • Commas with direct addresses and after introductory words (4-VV.1)

  • Links sentences using a range of conjunctions.

    • Use coordinating conjunctions (4-W.3)
    • Use subordinating conjunctions (4-W.4)

  • Uses paragraphs to separate thoughts and ideas.

  • Writes in a fluent and legible way.

  • Reviews and corrects writing to ensure it makes sense, is technically accurate and meets its purpose.

    • Put the sentences in order (4-T.1)
    • Use time-order words (4-W.2)
    • Use coordinating conjunctions (4-W.3)
    • Use subordinating conjunctions (4-W.4)
    • Homophones with pictures (4-EE.1)
    • Use the correct homophone (4-EE.3)
    • Is the sentence a statement, question, command or exclamation? (4-KK.1)
    • Identify the complete subject of a sentence (4-KK.2)
    • Identify the complete predicate of a sentence (4-KK.3)
    • Identify the simple subject or predicate of a sentence (4-KK.4)
    • Is it a complete sentence or a fragment? (4-KK.5)
    • Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? (4-KK.6)
    • Is it a complete sentence, a fragment or a run-on? (4-KK.7)
    • Order the words to create a sentence (4-KK.9)
    • Form regular plurals with -s, -es and -ies (4-LL.5)
    • Use regular plurals with -s, -es and -ies (4-LL.6)
    • Form and use irregular plurals (4-LL.8)
    • Form the singular or plural possessive (4-LL.10)
    • Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns (4-LL.11)
    • Choose between subject and object personal pronouns (4-MM.2)
    • Replace the noun with a personal pronoun (4-MM.3)
    • Compound subjects and objects with 'I' and 'me' (4-MM.4)
    • Use possessive pronouns (4-MM.6)
    • Choose between personal and reflexive pronouns (4-MM.7)
    • Use reflexive pronouns (4-MM.8)
    • Use action verbs (4-NN.1)
    • Use the correct subject or verb (4-OO.2)
    • Pronoun-verb agreement (4-OO.3)
    • Form and use the regular past tense (4-PP.3)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 1 (4-PP.6)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 2 (4-PP.7)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 3 (4-PP.8)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 4 (4-PP.9)
    • Form and use the irregular past tense: set 5 (4-PP.10)
    • To be: use the correct form (4-PP.11)
    • To have: use the correct form (4-PP.12)
    • Change the sentence to future tense (4-PP.14)
    • Use the correct article: a or an (4-QQ.1)
    • Use the correct article: a, an or the (4-QQ.2)
    • Choose between adjectives and adverbs (4-RR.6)
    • Use adjectives to compare (4-RR.8)
    • Spell adjectives that compare (4-RR.9)
    • Use adverbs to compare (4-RR.10)
    • Pronoun-verb contractions (4-UU.1)
    • Contractions with 'not' (4-UU.2)

  • Makes appropriate choices about layout and presentation, including in digital texts, to engage the reader, for example, headings, bullet points, fonts, graphics and/or captions.

    • Greetings and closings of letters (4-XX.1)
    • Capitalising titles (4-XX.2)
    • Formatting titles (4-XX.3)
    • Formatting and capitalising titles (4-XX.4)

• Organising and using information - considering texts to help create short and extended texts for different purposes

  • Uses notes and/or other sources to develop thinking and create new texts.

  • Acknowledges sources making clear where the information came from.

  • Organises information in a logical way.

    • Put the sentences in order (4-T.1)
    • Order items from most general to most specific (4-T.2)
    • Organise information by main idea (4-T.3)
    • Choose topic sentences for narrative paragraphs (4-U.1)
    • Choose topic sentences for expository paragraphs (4-U.2)

  • Selects relevant ideas and information.

    • Organise information by main idea (4-T.3)

  • Uses appropriate vocabulary, including subject-specific vocabulary, to suit purpose and audience.

    • Determine the meanings of similes (4-K.1)
    • Add descriptive details to sentences (4-Y.1)
    • Show character emotions and traits (4-Y.2)
    • Revise the sentence using a stronger verb (4-Y.3)
    • Choose the synonym (4-DD.1)
    • Choose the antonym (4-DD.4)
    • Describe the difference between related words (4-GG.1)
    • Positive and negative connotation (4-GG.2)
    • Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression (4-HH.1)

• Creating texts - considering texts to help create short and extended texts for different purposes

  • Creates a range of short and extended texts regularly for different purposes.

    • Choose the text that matches the writer's purpose (4-V.1)

  • Attempts to engage and/or influence the reader through vocabulary and/or use of language as appropriate to genre.

    • Determine the meanings of similes (4-K.1)
    • Add descriptive details to sentences (4-Y.1)
    • Show character emotions and traits (4-Y.2)
    • Revise the sentence using a stronger verb (4-Y.3)
    • Choose the synonym (4-DD.1)
    • Choose the antonym (4-DD.4)
    • Describe the difference between related words (4-GG.1)
    • Positive and negative connotation (4-GG.2)
    • Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression (4-HH.1)

  • When writing to convey information, describe events, explain processes or combine ideas in different ways:

    • Uses appropriate style and format to convey information applying key features of the chosen genre.

      • Identify text structures (4-I.6)

    • Includes relevant ideas, knowledge and information.

      • Remove the sentence that does not belong (5-O.4)

    • Organises and presents information in a logical way.

      • Order items from most general to most specific (4-T.2)
      • Organise information by main idea (4-T.3)
      • Choose topic sentences for expository paragraphs (4-U.2)

    • Uses tone and vocabulary appropriate to purpose.

      • Choose the synonym (4-DD.1)
      • Choose the antonym (4-DD.4)
      • Describe the difference between related words (4-GG.1)
      • Positive and negative connotation (4-GG.2)

  • When writing to persuade, evaluate, explore issues or express an opinion:

    • Presents relevant ideas and information, including supporting detail, to convey view point.

      • Choose reasons to support an opinion (4-X.3)
      • Complete the opinion passage with an example (4-X.4)
      • Complete the opinion passage with a reason (4-X.5)
      • Complete the opinion-reason-example table (4-X.6)

    • Organises ideas in a logical way.

      • Order items from most general to most specific (4-T.2)
      • Organise information by main idea (4-T.3)

    • Includes an introduction that makes the topic clear and a conclusion that rounds off the writing.

      • Choose topic sentences for expository paragraphs (4-U.2)
      • Identify an author's statement of opinion (4-X.2)

    • Attempts to use language to influence or persuade the reader, for example, word choice, punctuation, repetition, rhetorical questions and/or emotive language.

      • Revise the sentence using a stronger verb (4-Y.3)
      • Choose the synonym (4-DD.1)
      • Choose the antonym (4-DD.4)
      • Describe the difference between related words (4-GG.1)
      • Positive and negative connotation (4-GG.2)
      • Is the sentence a statement, question, command or exclamation? (4-KK.1)

  • When writing to describe and share experiences:

    • Describes personal experiences, making context and events clear.

    • Describes thoughts and feelings about the experience.

    • Attempts to engage and/or influence the reader through vocabulary and/or use of language.

      • Determine the meanings of similes (4-K.1)
      • Add descriptive details to sentences (4-Y.1)
      • Show character emotions and traits (4-Y.2)
      • Revise the sentence using a stronger verb (4-Y.3)
      • Choose the synonym (4-DD.1)
      • Choose the antonym (4-DD.4)
      • Describe the difference between related words (4-GG.1)
      • Positive and negative connotation (4-GG.2)
      • Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression (4-HH.1)

  • When writing imaginatively and creatively:

    • Applies a few features of the chosen genre.

      • Identify story elements (4-N.1)

    • Creates interesting characters through, for example, their feelings and actions, physical description and/or dialogue.

      • Show character emotions and traits (4-Y.2)
      • Revise the sentence using a stronger verb (4-Y.3)
      • Use action verbs (4-NN.1)
      • Choose between adjectives and adverbs (4-RR.6)
      • Is the word an adjective or adverb? (4-RR.7)
      • Use adjectives to compare (4-RR.8)
      • Use adverbs to compare (4-RR.10)

    • Creates setting/context with some descriptive detail.

      • Sort sensory details (4-J.1)
      • Add descriptive details to sentences (4-Y.1)

    • Attempts to use figurative language (imagery) to engage the reader, for example, simile, metaphor, alliteration and onomatopoeia.

      • Sort sensory details (4-J.1)
      • Determine the meanings of similes (4-K.1)
      • Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression (4-HH.1)

    • Creates plots with clear structures, for example, suitable opening, turning point, climax and/or satisfactory ending.